--- title: Pixalate’s Q4 2024 Programmatic Ad Seller Misrepresentation on Web Traffic description: Pixalate’s Q4 2024 Programmatic Ad Seller Misrepresentation Report for Web Traffic uses SCO data to examine unauthorized sellers in the open programmatic advertising supply chain image: https://www.pixalate.com/hubfs/Programmatic%20Ad%20Seller%20Misrepresentation%20Report%20-%20Q4%202024%20-%20Web-1.png --- [![pixalate-full-logo](https://www.pixalate.com/hs-fs/hubfs/Pixalate_Logos/pixalate-full-logo.jpg?width=150&height=60&name=pixalate-full-logo.jpg "pixalate-full-logo")](https://www.pixalate.com) Search **Menu** ** ** ![](https://www.pixalate.com/hubfs/social-suggested-images/f.hubspotusercontent40.nethubfs2364596Blog_MediaBlog%20photospixalate-blog-bg.png) [Benchmarks](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/topic/benchmarks) | [ads.txt](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/topic/ads-txt) | [IVT](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/topic/ivt) | [Websites](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/topic/websites) | 2 min read # Programmatic Ad Seller Misrepresentation on Web Q4 2024: Pixalate Estimates 10% of Global Open Programmatic Web Ad Impressions Sold by Unauthorized Sellers Written by [Pixalate](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/author/pixalate) Feb 14, 2025 2:00:00 PM *According to Pixalate’s latest Supply Path Optimization (SPO) research using SupplyChain Object (SCO) data, 10% of desktop and mobile web traffic with SCOs marked as ‘complete’ was sold by unauthorized direct sellers* **LONDON, February 14, 2025** -- [Pixalate](https://www.pixalate.com/), the global market-leading ad fraud protection, privacy, and compliance analytics platform, today released the [Q4 2024 Programmatic Ad Seller Misrepresentation Report for Web](https://www.pixalate.com/programmatic-ad-seller-misrepresentation-report-web-traffic). The report uses SCO data to examine unauthorized sellers in the open programmatic advertising supply chain across desktop and mobile web. Pixalate also released [mobile app](https://www.pixalate.com/programmatic-ad-seller-misrepresentation-report-mobile-apps) and [Connected TV (CTV)](https://www.pixalate.com/programmatic-ad-seller-misrepresentation-report-ctv-apps) versions of this report. The SupplyChain Object (SCO) lets buyers and intermediaries view all parties selling or reselling open programmatic advertising inventory. Numerous partners are often involved in open programmatic supply paths, fragmenting the ecosystem and making it vulnerable to ad fraud attacks. Pixalate's latest report highlights the prevalence of unauthorized selling within the global programmatic supply chain despite the implementation of ads.txt or app-ads.txt. ## **Key Findings** - **Failing Verification. **10% of web traffic traffic with SCOs failed Pixalate’s SCO verification due to unauthorized sellers (including direct or resellers) - **Higher Ad Fraud Rates.** 107% higher IVT, including ad fraud, in web traffic with an unauthorized direct seller - **Unauthorized Direct Sellers. **7% of web traffic with SCOs marked as ‘complete’ was sold by unauthorized direct sellers in Q4 2024 Pixalate’s analysis includes a set of SCO verification checks as defined by Pixalate, utilizing IAB Tech Lab’s ads.txt/app-ads.txt standards, along with SCO data from the OpenRTB bid stream to evaluate the accuracy of declared supply paths in the ad bid stream. Learn more about [Pixalate’s SCO verification and validation](https://www.pixalate.com/supply-chain-object-verification-and-validation). For this report series, Pixalate's data science team analyzed over 10 billion programmatic ad impressions containing the OpenRTB SupplyChain Object (SCO) during Q4 2024. Download the complete Q4 2024 Supply Path Optimization (SPO) Reports: [![Web Traffic](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/2364596/5f7a2f83-ccf7-4b88-b27e-ecc4d1a8faa6.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/2364596/5f7a2f83-ccf7-4b88-b27e-ecc4d1a8faa6)    [![CTV App Traffic](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/2364596/f9cb2942-960b-4b8f-ac71-29459e9307cb.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/2364596/f9cb2942-960b-4b8f-ac71-29459e9307cb)    [![Mobile App Traffic](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/2364596/52babeb2-a54c-4f74-b02f-520f18cd5f3c.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/2364596/52babeb2-a54c-4f74-b02f-520f18cd5f3c) **About Pixalate** Pixalate is a global platform specializing in privacy compliance, ad fraud prevention, and digital ad supply chain data intelligence. Founded in 2012, Pixalate is trusted by regulators, data researchers, advertisers, publishers, ad tech platforms, and financial analysts across the Connected TV (CTV), mobile app, and website ecosystems. Pixalate is accredited by the MRC for the detection and filtration of Sophisticated Invalid Traffic (SIVT). pixalate.com ***Disclaimer*** *The content of this press release, and the Programmatic Ad Seller Misrepresentation Reports (the “Reports”), reflect Pixalate's opinions with respect to factors that Pixalate believes can be useful to the digital media industry. Pixalate's opinions are just that, opinions, which means that they are neither facts nor guarantees. Pixalate is sharing this data not to impugn the standing or reputation of any entity, person or app, but, instead, to report findings and trends pertaining to programmatic advertising activity across mobile apps in the time period studied. As used herein, and per the MRC, “'Invalid Traffic' (IVT) is defined generally as traffic that does not meet certain ad serving quality or completeness criteria, or otherwise does not represent legitimate ad traffic that should be included in measurement counts. Among the reasons why ad traffic may be deemed invalid is it is a result of non-human traffic (spiders, bots, etc.), or activity designed to produce fraudulent traffic.” * ### Search Blog Search ### Follow Pixalate ### Subscribe to our blog *By entering your email address and clicking Subscribe, you are agreeing to our [Terms of Use ](https://www.pixalate.com/terms)and [Privacy Policy.](https://www.pixalate.com/privacypolicy) Previous Story [← Mobile App Manual Review under COPPA Rule: ‘Difference Find Tour'](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/app-review-series-difference-find-tour) [** ](https://www.pixalate.com/blog) Next Story [Pixalate Week in Review: February 10 - February 14, 2025 →](https://www.pixalate.com/blog/february-14-2025) ## You May Also Like These Stories on Benchmarks [![](https://www.pixalate.com/hubfs/Blog%20Media/2026%20Covers%20and%20Images/United%20States%20%26%20GLOBAL%20-%20IVT%20Benchmarks%20-%20Q1%202026.png) 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